Oil-burner.



F. E. MACK & F. R. FOSTER.

OIL BURNER.

1,299,491. APPLICATION FILED}JULY18.I9I8. Patented Apr. 8, I i 2 SHEETSSHEET l- INVENTORS .Fla dEJIIQL'I-f/ A TTDR/VEVS v F. E. MACK & F. R. FOSTER.

OIL BURNER.

. APPILICATION FILED JULY 18, I918. Patented Apr. 8,1919: Y 2 ssssssssssss 2.

WITNESSES 23 16207 T I Fre 61'LC7.2.K.F0S6679 A fro/ rs FLOYD E. mack, 0E nocxron'r, NEW YORK, AND FREDERICK n. FOSTER, or JONESIBORO, TENNESSEE, ASSIGNOBS 'ro mcx-ros'rnn 00., or NORRISTOWN, PENNSYLVANIA, A

CORP ORATION OF DELAWARE.

. urn-BURNER.

Specification of Letters Patent. Patented Apr. 8, 1919.

Application filed July 18, 1918. Serial ltd-245,542.

To all whom itmay concern:

Be it known that we, FLOYD E. MACK and FREDERICK R. Fos'rER, citizens of the United States, and residing at Lockport, in the county of Niagara andState of New York, and J onesboro, in the county of Washington and State of Tennessee, respectively, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Oil-Burners, of which the following is a specification. Our invention relates to improvements in oil burners,'and it consists in the constructions, combinations and arrangements herein described and claimed.

An object of our invention is to provide an oil burner intended primarily for use 1n cooking stoves but capable for use 1n furnaces equally as well, One of the prmciples of the invention being in the shaping of certain of the parts so that they act as deflectorsv with the ultimate result that a perfect circulation of the air is obtained.

Another object of the invention resides in the novel construction of the adjustable mixing chamber which consists in combination, the beveled manifold air outlets, the ad acent and coacting pan rim, and the convex surfaces of both the pan bottom and oil nozzle. 1

A further object of the invention resides in the formation of the ends of the manifold and the adjacent surfaces of the burner base, whereby a close contact is maintained at all times regardless of the expansion to which the manifold is'subject.

Other objects and advantages will appear in the following specification, reference being had to the accompanying drawings in which:

Figure 1 is a sectional View showmg the burner applied to an ordinary range,

Fig. 2 is a slightly enlarged sectional view of the burner,

Fig. 3 is a plan view of the oil pan andnozzle,

Fig.4 is a plan view of the burner, a portion of the manifold being broken awayto show the deflector on the inside,

Fig. 5 is a perspective view of fold, and v Fig. 6 is a perspective View of the burner the mani base.

In carrying out our invention we provide a burner base 1 which is hollow at thecnds 3 of the burner base.

to form air passages 2. The inner walls 3 of the air passages 2 are inclined at an angle of approximately 60 and terminate in a bottom t. The bottom 4 has a central prominence 5, the top of which rises above the ridges 6 which closethe sides for some distance upwardly. An oil reservoir is thus formed, into which oil initially overflows when lighting the burner;

The burner base 1 in the present instance, is set upon the grate 7 of an ordinary range.

In order that the passage of the air from be-' neath the grate may be confined to the burner, the ends and other open places around the burner, are sealed by cement 8.

The air is therefore drawn through the air passages 2 in the direction of the arrows in Fig. 1.

Openings 9 near the top of each of the inclined walls 3, have crotches or manifold supports 10 on each side. As is well illustrated in Fig. 6, the openings 9 as well as the crotches 10 which are parallel with the edges of the openings, are arranged in a V-formation, and thls formation plays an important function in connection with the manifold which is set in place on the crotches over the openings.

Manifold 11 has a top 12. The two parts of the manifold are fitted together and the top 12 is prevented from becoming displaced laterally on the bottom 11, by means of pins or lugs 13 on the inside. The manifold is made in the peculiar shape illustrated in Figs. 4 and 5. The open ends of the manifold are inclined downwardly at an angle to correspond with that of the walls Likewise, the shape of each of the openings corresponds to that orrrio of the openings 9, so that when the manifold is set in place on the burner base, the respective openings will lie in substantial con tinuation. 4

The manifold is self-positioning on the burner base. This important feature is obtained directly by the shape of the manifold ends and the inclination of the walls 3. Under ordinary conditions the lower points of the V-shaped manifold openings lie b'elow the plane of the lower ends of the crotches, and the sides of the V-openings liein contact with the crotches. When the burner becomes hot, the manifold expands in all directions, and this expansion is compensated for by the riding up of the surfaces adjacent to the V-openings therein, over the adjacent surfaces of the V openings 9 in the burner base. Although the side edges of the manifold move out of contact with the crotches, yet the'contacting surfaces just referred to remain in engagement, and this is one of the important considerations of the invention. An air-tight joint is thus always preserved since the .weight of the manifold assists largely in preserving the joint.

The oil burner comprises a nozzle 14 and a pan 15. The oil burner has a threaded bore and by this means is adjustable on the threaded end of the fixed oil supply pipe 16.

The head 17 of the nozzle 14 is convex, and the rim of the head extends slightly beyond the main body of the nozzle. The bottom of the pan 1.5 is likewise convex at 18, and the convexity of the bottom terminates at the base of an annular flange 19.

The flange 19 flares outwardly and the inner surface thereof coincides in inclination to the beveled edge 20 of the air outlet .form in shape throughout the adjustments of the oil pan and nozzle on the pipe 16 and in respect to the manifold.

A deflector 22 located in the center of the air outlet 21, prevents the upward adjustment of the oil nozzle beyond the plane of the lower edge of the air outlet. This deflector 22 also becomes hot and aids in the vaporization of the oil as it flows out of the oil nozzle. It is important that the surfaces 17 and 18 be made convex as described. Flat surfaces'tend to retard the flow of the oil. It has been found in practice that a flat surface will tend to permit the oil to collect in pools. This defect is remedied by the provision of the convex surfaces, which naturally cause the oil to flow downwardly in the direction of the arrows in Fig. 2. v

Most of theoil vaporizes at the head 17 of the nozzle. However, some of the, oil may drop down upon the pan 15 where it quickly flows over the convex bottom' 18 and is rapidly vaporized. Air flowing through the manifold and out of the air outlet 21, mixes with the oil vapor in the mixing chamber, and the flame is directed upwardly by the deflector formed by the similarly inclined surfaces 19 and 20.

The inclined walls 3 also act as deflectors in that they throw the heated air upwardly. Beside aidlng in the vaporization of theoil, the member 22 acts. as a deflector for the oil at the outlet of the nozzle 14 in that it prevents the oil from being thrown up into the manifold should an extra lar e quantity come throughthe pipe 16. In t is connection it is to be observed that the oil flows from a suitably disposed supply tank 23. The tank has a pendent pipe 24 with a valve 25, by means of which the dropping of the oil into the supply pipe 16 is regulated.

The operation.

The two-part manifold is set in place on the inclined walls 3 of the burner base 1, where the combined V-shape and slope of the manifold parts insures a tight fit over the openings 9. of the walls '3. This tight fit is maintained even when the manifold has become expanded.

Oil is permitted to overflow the flange 19 of the pan 15 into the reservoir at the bottom where it is lighted.v When the parts hecome hot enough, the oil will then rise at the outlet of the nozzle 14. The flame and heated air traveling upwardly, naturally cause a draft through thepasses 2 and the outlet 21 of the manifold.v This draft is strengthened by the confining of all of the air to the passages. Any necessary adjustment in the mixlng chamber is obtained by simply turning the pan 15 upwardly or downwardly on the.- threaded pipe 16.

While the construction and arrangement of the oil burner as herein-described is that of a generally preferred form, obviously modifications and changes may be made without departing from the spirit of the invention or the scope of the claims.

We claim:

1 An oil burner comprising a manifold with an air outlet, an oil nozzle adjustable in respect to the air outlet, and means bridging the air outlet having the combined functions of assisting in the vaporization of the oil upon heating thereof and acting as a deflector to prevent the throwing of the oil into the air outlet of the manifol 2. An oil burner comprising a manifold having an air outlet, a combined oil vaporizing member and deflector for preventing the throwing of oil into the air outlet, bridging the air outlet and forming a stop to limit the adjustment of an oil nozzle toward the air outlet, and an oil nozzle disposed beneath said stop.

3. ,An oil burner comprising a manifold with an air outlet having a beveled edge, and an ,oil nozzle adjustable toward the air outlet, said nozzle including a pan with an annular flange having an inner surface parallel with said beveled edge, insuring a uniform width of a mixing chamber outlet regardless of the adjustment of said oil nozzle. 4. An oil burner comprising a manifold having a air outlet with a beveled edge, an oil supply pipe in fixed relationship with said air outlet, and an oil nozzle adjustable on the supply pipe and toward the air outlet, said nozzle including a head and bottom having convex surfaces for the-downward mea er flow of the oil, and an upwardly flared annular flange having an inner surface paral-' lel with that of the beveled edge, to preserve a mixing chamber outlet of a uniform width regardless of the adjustment of said oil nozzle.

5. The combination of an air outlet having a beveled edge and a combined stop and deflector spanning the mouth of the outlet, an oil supply pipe fixed in relationship with said deflector, and an oil nozzle adjustable on the end of the pipe and limited in its adjustment toward the air outlet by said stop, said oil nozzle comprising an oil pan with a convex bottom, a head with a convex top extending beyond the bod; of the nozzle to cause unvaporized oil 'to drip to the convex bottom, and an annular flange surrounding the pan with an inner surface parallelto said beveled edge.

6. Means embodied in an oil burner for deflecting the flame and hot air upwardly, comprising a manifold having an air outlet with an upwardly beveled edge, a coacting adjustable oil nozzle including an upwardly inclined annular flange adjoining said bev-.

eled edge and providing an upwardly inclined mixing chamber for throwing the flame upwardly, and a burner base having upwardly inclined manifold supporting ends, said inclined ends deflecting the hot air upwardly.

7. Means in an oil burner for insuring a tight joint between a manifold and a burner base regardless of the amount of expansion of the manifold, comprising burner base ends with inwardly inclined surfaces provided with openings, a manifold having corresponding openings of a V -shape and formed on a slope corresponding to the inclination of said burner base end surfaces, enabling the riding up of the ends of said manifold upon said surfaces in the expansion of the manifold-and still maintaining a tight joint, and crotches at the sides of the openings in said burner ends normally supporting the manifold.

8. An, oil burner adapted to be set on a grate and surrounded by cement to cut off air, a bottom having a central prominence and side ridges defining a part of an oil reservoir, inclined walls rising from the bottom and forming air passages in communication with the space beneath the grate at the ends of the burner base, said walls having openings with crotches at the sides, a

manifold having open ends corresponding in shape to said openings and formed on a slope to lie closely against said walls, an air outlet pendent from the manifold, with a beveled edge and a combined deflector and stop spanning said opening, an oil supply pipe supported in said prominence, and an oil burner adjustable on said pipe toward said stop, comprising a pan with a convex bottom, an annular flange parallel to said beveled edge, and a nozzle head with a convex surface, reaching beyond the body of the oil nozzle to permit unvaporized oil to drip on the convex bottom.

FLOYD E. MACK.

FREDERICK R. FOSTER. 

